Autostereoscopic display

ABSTRACT

In the autostereoscopic display which provides with the display with non-luminescence area between blue, red, green forms between each pixel and the each pixel, each display parts, the lens sheet where a lot of lenses were displayed, and the diffusion board placed between the above mentioned display and the above mentioned lens sheet, characterized by putting cut along the non-luminescence area on the above mentioned diffusion board from display side along the non-luminescence area between each pixel.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

This invention concerns the autostereoscopic display which can especially observe the stereoscopic vision by the naked eye for the autostereoscopic display.

The lenticular method, the parallax barrier method, the integral photography method, and the holography method, etc are known as a method of displaying the stereoscopic vision which can be observed by the naked eye. FIG. 14(a) is an outline chart where the entire past autostereoscopic display is shown, and FIG. 14(b) and FIG. 14(c) are outline especially charts where they explain the integral photography method.

Lens sheet 101 where the convex lens is arranged like the array is set up in front of display 106 as shown in FIG. 14. It explains the integral photography method which is one of the methods of displaying the stereoscopic vision which can be observed by the naked eye by using these figures. In FIG. 14(b), a three dimensional position is shown, and one section in that is FIG. 14(c).

When the pixel on display 106 is very small compared with the lens, and the pixels at the position of white circle 1502 shown in FIG. 14(b) (c) are displayed on display 106 with a certain color and brightness, light from the pixels gathers in the position of white circle 1502 by the effect of lens sheet 101, and it becomes a ray which spreads from that point.

When observer 1501 observes this field of view 1503 shown in FIG. 14(c), it comes to be able to perceive a point light, namely an object exists in the white circle 1502. It is also possible to use the pinhole instead of this lens.

Moreover, the lenticular method that achieves the stereoscopic effect only in horizontal direction by using binocular parallax exist, too, in the way the lenticular lens sheet with half cylinder shaped lenticular lens is set up in front of display 106 instead of the convex lens, and the slender images for the right eye and the left eye which are alternately arranged along the longitudinal direction of the lenticular lens are displayed in display 106. In these methods, the image displayed on display 106 is generated with image generation device 1504 for the binocular vision shown in FIG. 14(a).

PC which generates computer graphics, multi eye camera, and single eye type cameras combined with lens sheet, etc. are enumerated as image generation device 1504 for the binocular vision.

The technology concerning the lenticular method is indicated in a past technology.

The technology, which makes the non-luminescence area (black matrix) between pixels unremarkable by devising the arrangement of the pixel on the display, is indicated in JP3101521B (hereafter, patent document 1).

The technology, which makes the black matrix between pixels unremarkable by expanding each pixel with the lens, is indicated in JP2540999B (hereafter, patent document 2).

The technology, which makes the black matrix between pixels unremarkable by installing diffusion board 102 between display 106 and lenticular lens sheet 101 as shown in FIG. 15, is indicated in JP2777241B (hereafter, patent document 3).

The technology, which avoids unnatural binocular vision caused when the light which penetrates a pixel passes through the lenticular lens that is not correctly associated with the pixel by inserting the shading film between each lenticular lenses of the lenticular lens sheet, and the street in the lenticular lens which is not the lenticular lens that light, which penetrates the pixel, is correctly associated with the pixel, is indicated in JP289320B (hereafter, patent document 4).

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The technology, which had been described to patent document 1, changed the arrangement of the pixel on the display, and it had the problem that the cost of execution rose because it was not able to use a general purpose display.

The technology, which had been described to patent document 2, had the problem that the cost of execution rose, because a lot of numbers of lenses which expanded the pixel were necessary.

The technology, which had been described to patent document 3, had the problem that the reproduced stereoscopic vision blotted by the color of each pixel mixing with the color of the next pixel.

There were problems in the technology of the description to patent document 4. First problem is that black matrix between pixels stands out by being expanded with lens. Second problem is that assumed color cannot be shown to the observer by the Red and the Green and the Blue each display part's of each subpixel being expanded, and causing the color separation.

The assumed color cannot be shown to the observer by The Red and the Green and the Blue each display part's of each subpixel being expanded, and causing the color separation.

FIG. 16 is an outline chart where the part of the display of the image of a past auto stereoscopic display is shown. The image display part is an installation of diffusion board 102 between lens sheet 101 and display 106 in this figure.

The purpose to use diffusion board 102 is, before the ray reaches lens seat 101, for instance, to avoid the color separation, by mixing three primary colors that red subpixel 107Ra, green subpixel 107Ga, and blue subpixel 107Ba of pixel 107 a.

However, there is a problem that it mixes by three primary colors of the adjoining pixel such as Blue subpixel 107Ba of pixel 107 a and red subpixel 107Rb of pixel 107 b, and the color of the reproduced stereoscopic vision blots in a past technology. Therefore, the composition, in which the mixture of three primary colors of the adjoining pixel is canceled, is needed.

Then, the purpose of this invention is to offer the autostereoscopic display where the phenomenon that a black matrix and the color separation stand out with the lens is not caused and the phenomenon that the reproduction stereoscopic image blots by the mixture of the color of the pixel is not caused so far according to an easy composition.

In this invention, in the past autostereoscopic display shown FIG. 15 and 16, it was assumed the composition in which the cut along the black matrix between pixels was put on the diffusion board 102 crowded between display 106 and lens sheet 101.

Moreover, it was assumed the composition in which the angle of cut achieved the total reflection of incident light of each pixel from inside of diffusion board 102 to the oblique side of the cut. In addition, it was assumed the composition in which the angle of cut achieved the total reflection of incident light of each pixel from inside of diffusion board 102 to the oblique side of the cut

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 is an outline chart of the image display part in the autostereoscopic display of the embodiment 1 of the invention.

FIG. 2 is a plan where it explains the pixel on the display and the arrangement of pixel and black matrix.

FIG. 3 is an outline chart where it explains the ray which passes in the diffusion board.

FIG. 4 is <X-X′> cross section of FIG. 2 where it explains the angle and the length of the cut.

FIG. 5 is an outline chart where it explains the viewing angle on the display.

FIG. 6 is <Y-Y′> cross section of FIG. 2 where it explains the angle and the length of the cut.

FIG. 7 is a plan where the relation of the cut of the diffusion board is shown.

FIG. 8 is an outline chart of the image display part in the autostereoscopic display in a modified embodiment 1 of the embodiment 1.

FIG. 9 is an outline chart of the image display part in the autostereoscopic display device in a modified embodiment 2 of the embodiment 1.

FIG. 10 is an outline chart of the image display part in the autostereoscopic display device in a modified embodiment 3 of the embodiment 1.

FIG. 11 is an outline chart of the image display part in the autostereoscopic display in a modified embodiment 4 of the embodiment 1.

FIG. 12 is an outline chart of the image display part in the autostereoscopic display in the embodiment 2 of the invention.

FIG. 13 is an outline chart of the image display part in the autostereoscopic display in the embodiment 3.

FIG. 14 is an outline chart of a past autostereoscopic display and the image display part.

FIG. 15 is an outline chart of a past autostereoscopic display.

FIG. 16 is an outline chart of the image display part in a past autostereoscopic display.

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

Hereafter, it explains the embodiments of this invention with reference to the drawings.

[Embodiment 1]

Hereafter, it explains embodiment 1 of executing this invention by using FIG. 1 to FIG. 7. In this embodiment, the width of the cut put from the display side to the diffusion board is the same as the width of a black matrix or example of assumption as the angle of cut achieved the total reflection of incident light from inside of diffusion board to the oblique side of the cut is the same.

In the embodiment all, the point part of the cut may not be the pointed one, may have width, and worn roundness. Moreover, the cut of the embodiment all is an isosceles triangle whose perpendicular lowered from the cut toward the display passes center of the black matrix between pixels; however, the requirement need not be strictly met.

FIG. 1 is an outline chart where the part of the display of the image of the autostereoscopic display in the embodiment 1 is shown. The above mentioned image display part is an installation of diffusion board 102 between lens sheet 101 and display 106 in FIG. 1.

Display 106 is the one that two or more pixels such as pixel 107 a, 107 b, and 107 c are spread.

Pixel 107 a consists of red subpixel 104Ra, green subpixel 104Ga, blue subpixel 104Ba, and black matrix 105 which is the non-display part between each subpixel.

Diffusion board 102 has cut 103 put from 106 sides in the same width as the width of black matrix 105 at the position of each black matrix 105 between each pixel on the display, and the cut angle of each cut 103 is a total reflection angle as for incidence light from the inside of the diffusion board of each pixel to the oblique side of cut 103.

FIG. 2 is a plan view where it explains the pixel on the display and the arrangement of a black matrix used by the embodiments of the invention. Each three primary color display part (subpixel) R, G, and B queue up at equal intervals, and black matrix 105, which is non-display part, exists between each.

Length of the short side of each three primary color display part R, G, and B is assumed to be p1, and length of the long side is assumed to be p2. The width of black matrix 105 in the direction of the short vicinity of each three primary color display part R, G, and B is assumed to be d1, and the width of black matrix 105 in the direction of the vicinity of length is assumed to be d2.

In the each embodiment, it is assumed p1=35.5 μm, p2=143 μm, d1=28 μm, and d2=47.5 μm. FIG. 1 is a cross section in one point dot-dashed curve X-X′ shown in FIG. 2.

FIG. 3 is an outline chart where it explains the ray which passes in the diffusion board in the embodiments. Though ray 501,502 diffuses in direction 503 of diffusion in diffusion board 102, the direction of the ray treated in this text is assumed to be a direction of each ray 501,502 which passes in the medium without diffusive. In a general diffusion board such as the becoming frosted glass, the direction of each ray 501,502 is strong direction of strength of light, and it assumes that it uses such a diffusion board most in the embodiments.

It explains the shape of cut 103 in this embodiment in detail by using FIG. 1, FIG. 4, and FIG. 5. FIG. 4 is an outline chart where it explains the angle and the length used by the embodiment.

In FIG. 4, ray 308 emitted by the angle θ with display 106 can be reflected to the oblique side of cut 103 which it is angle φ, height h, and is d in width in reflection angle θi of the same size as incidence and the angle of incidence by angle of incidence θi. Moreover, the thickness of diffusion board 102 is assumed to be H=100 μm, and the refractive index is assumed to be n=1.7 in the example of each execution. When the ray starts going out from the object of refractive index n into the air, angle of incidence θi that do the total reflection of the ray in the boundary of the object and air should be critical angle θM or more given by next formula (1). It becomes θM≈36.03° in the embodiments. θ_(M)=arc sin (1/n)  [Formula 1]

FIG. 5 is an outline chart where it explains the viewing angle on the display used by the embodiments. When the display viewing angle on display 106 to observer 1501 is θDP, ray 401 from display 106 is emitted by angle θo or more to display 106 in this figure. θo is given by next formula (2). θo=(180−θ_(DP))/2  [Formula 2]

In the embodiments, it becomes θo=20° assuming display viewing angle θDP=140°.

In FIG. 1, if cut 103 is put in diffusion board 102 by the angle φ that do the total reflection of ray 108 emitted at angle θo with display 106, do the total reflection of all the ray of light incident ones from display 106 to cut 103. Such angle φ should fill next formula (3). φ≧2(θ_(M)−θ_(DP))  [Formula 3]

Moreover, height h of cut 103 with this angle φ is given by next formula (4). h=d/{2 tan (φ/2)}  [Formula 4]

It is φ>32.06°, and when assuming φ=32.1° for instance, it becomes h=48.66 μm in this embodiment because of d=d1=28 μm.

FIG. 6 is an outline chart where the part of the display of the image of the autostereoscopic display seen from the side of red display part 104 Ra in this embodiment is shown, and the cross section in one point dot-dashed curve Y-Y′ shown in FIG. 2.

Angle φ′ of cut 703 for the total reflection of all the ray of light incident on to the oblique side of cut 703 only has to fill “φ′>32.06°” in FIG. 6 as well as the case to cut 103.

Because the above mentioned formula consists similarly, when assuming d′ ( width of the cut 703)=d2=47.5 μm, φ′=32.1°, it becomes h′ (height of the cut 703)=82.55 μm.

FIG. 7 is a plan where the relation of the cut of the diffusion board in this embodiment is shown. Because do the total reflection of everything, the ray of light incident on from each pixel to the oblique side of the cut of surroundings, the mixture of the color of the pixel is reduced and the image quality of the reproduction stereoscopic image can be improved.

Hereafter, it explains the modified embodiment of the embodiment 1 by using FIG. 8 to FIG. 11.

[Modified Embodiment 1 of the Embodiment 1]

In FIG. 8, the height of the cut is enlarged, and the modified embodiment 1 of increasing the ray of light incident on to the oblique side of the cut is shown. This modified embodiment is an example of explaining the effect when height h of the cut is set by priority. Though only the example of the cross section in one point dot-dashed curve X-X′ shown in FIG. 2 is shown since this modified embodiment, being similarly thought for the cross section in one point dot-dashed curve Y-Y′ shown in FIG. 2 as shown in FIG. 6 is clear.

FIG. 8 is an outline chart where the part of the display of the image of the autostereoscopic display when the width of the cut of the diffusion board is width of a black matrix is shown in this modified embodiment 1. It is assumed that it is height h=80 μm of the cut, and width d=d1=28 μm of the cut here. When h and d are given, the angle φ of the cut is given by next formula (5). Φ=2 arc tan (d/2h)  [Formula 5]

It becomes angle φ=19.85° of cut 903 in FIG. 8. At this time, ray 908 emitted from display 106 at angle θo=20° does not only the reflection in the oblique side of cut 903 but also the refraction penetration.

Moreover, angle θ1 that ray 909 of the total reflection in the oblique side of cut 903 and display 106 form should fill next formula (6). θ₁≧θ_(M)−φ/2  [Formula 6]

As a result, θ1>26.11° can be filled, and all entire ray incidences to the oblique side of cut 903 can be reflected.

[Modified Embodiment 2 of the Embodiment 1]

FIG. 9 is an outline chart of the modified embodiment 2 of the width of the cut of the diffusion board showing the part of the display of the image of the autostereoscopic display when it is smaller than the width of a black matrix.

It is assumed height h=80 μm of the cut and width d=18 μm<d1 of the cut here.

In FIG. 9, angle θ1 that ray 1009 of the total reflection in the oblique side of cut 1003 and display 106 do should fill θ1>29.61° because it becomes angle φ=12.84° of cut 1003.

In this modified embodiment, the mixture of the color of the pixel is reduced by enlarging the height of the cut, and increasing an incidence ray to the oblique side of the cut, and the image quality of the reproduction stereoscopic image can be improved.

Moreover, because the effect of the improvement is achieved even if the width of the cut is reduced more than the width of a black matrix, accuracy, by which the cut is put, need not be strict.

[Modified Embodiment 3 of the Embodiment 1]

It explains the modified embodiment 3 by using FIG. 10. This modified embodiment enlarged the height of the cut as well as modified embodiment 1, increased an incidence ray to the oblique side of the cut, it assumed the angle of the cut and an incidence ray was assumed to be a total reflection angle from the inside of the diffusion board to the oblique side of the cut.

This modified embodiment is an example of explaining the effect when height h of the cut and the angle φ of the cut are set by priority.

FIG. 10 is an outline chart where the part of the display of the image of the autostereoscopic display in this modified embodiment is shown. Cut 1103 a is height h=80 μm, angle φ=32.1°, and the total reflection of all incidence rays from the diffusion board 102 to the slope of the cut 1103 a goes out of display 106. Here, when h and p are given, width d of the cut is given by next formula (7). d=2 h tan (φ/2)  [Formula 7]

It becomes width d=46.03 μm>d1 of cut 1103 a in FIG. 10.

At this time, because a part of red subpixel 104Rb and blue subpixel 104Ba becomes arrangement which comes out in cut 1103 a, it goes out of red subpixel 104Rb, it goes out of incidence ray 1109 and blue subpixel 104Ba from the inside of cut 1103 a to the oblique side of cut 1103 a, incidence ray 1107 exists from the inside of cut 1103 a in the oblique side of cut 1103 a, and they do an incidence reflection and the refraction penetration to the oblique side of cut 1103 b of the next.

In this modified embodiment, by making the height of the cut enlarged, and an incidence ray to the oblique side of the cut increased, in addition, making the angle of the cut full reflection of all incident light, the mixture of the color of the pixel is reduced, and the image quality of the reproduction stereoscopic image can be improved.

Moreover, because the effect of the improvement is achieved even if the width of the cut is enlarged more than the width of a black matrix, accuracy, by which the cut needs not be strict.

[Modified Embodiment 4 of the Embodiment 1]

It explains the modified embodiment 4 by using FIG. 11. This modified embodiment, the height of the cut is enlarged and an incidence ray is increased to the oblique side of the cut as well as the modified embodiment 1, additionally, not only do total reflection but also the angle of the cut and an incidence ray from the inside of the diffusion board to the oblique side of the cut, and also from part of display in cut to example of assumption to oblique side of cut of incidence refraction penetration doing and the next as angle where do total reflection of incidence ray in oblique side of cut.

FIG. 11 is an outline chart where the part of the display of the image of the autostereoscopic display in this modified embodiment 4 is shown. Cut 1203 a is h=80 μm in height. Go out of red subpixel 104Rb at angle θo done to display 106, and ray 1209 which does the refraction penetration in the oblique side of cut 1203 a for total reflection in the oblique side of cut 1203 b of the next to cut 1203 a, the angle φ of the cut should fill next formula (8). arc sin{(1/n) sin(θ_(o)−φ/2)}+φ≧θ_(M)  [Formula 8]

It is φ>34.37°, and when assuming φ=34.38° for instance, it becomes d=49.5 μm>d1 from formula (8) in this modified embodiment. In this modified embodiment, the height of the cut is enlarged and an incidence ray is increased to the oblique side of the cut, in addition, the angle of the cut in going out of the part of the display in the cut and making an incidence ray the oblique side of the cut from the inside of the diffusion board angling of the total reflection once all including the ray which does the refraction penetration (It goes out of the part of the display in the cut and because strength of light is weak, the ray, which reflects in the oblique side of the cut, is disregarded). The mixture of the color of the pixel is reduced, and the image quality of the reproduction stereoscopic image can be improved.

[Embodiment 2]

Hereafter, it explains the embodiment 2 of the invention by using FIG. 12. This embodiment is an example of forming to the cut the shading layer where light is absorbed.

FIG. 12 is an outline chart where the part of the display of the image of the autostereoscopic display in this embodiment is shown. FIG. 12(a) is an example of filling shading layer 1308 a to cut 1303 a of the same type as the modified embodiment 3 of the embodiment.

Moreover, FIG. 12(b) is an example of forming shading layer 1308 b thinly to the inner wall of cut 1303 b of the same type as the modified embodiment 3.

Moreover, FIG. 12(c) is an example of thinly forming shading layer 1308 c besides under the inner wall of cut 1303 c of the same type as the modified embodiment 3, ray 1302 c emitted from blue subpixel 104B in cut 1303 c is absorbed by shading film 1308 c, and ray 1301 c emitted from red red subpixel 104R in cut 1303 c does the refraction penetration.

Moreover, FIG. 12(d), width is smaller than the width of black matrix 105, and example of filling shading layer 1308 d to cut 1303 d whose shape is a rectangle, when the shading layer is formed. Thus, when the reflection layer is formed, the shape of the cut can be freely decided.

The shading layer is formed to the cut, the mixture of the color of the pixel is reduced, and the image quality of the reproduction stereoscopic image can be improved in this execution example above.

[Embodiment 3]

Hereafter, it explains the embodiment 3 of the invention by using FIG. 13. This embodiment is an example of forming the reflection layer where light is reflected to the cut.

FIG. 13 is an outline chart where the part of the display of the image of the autostereoscopic display in this embodiment is shown. FIG. 13(a) is an example of filling reflection layer 1409 a to cut 1403 a of the same type as the modified embodiment 3 above described.

Moreover, FIG. 13(b) thinly forms reflection layer 1409 b to the inner wall of cut 1403 b of the same type as modified embodiment 3, it is an example of thinly forming shading layer 1408 b in addition, an incidence ray from inside of diffusion board 102 reflects to the oblique side of cut 1403 b, and the ray in cut 1403 b is absorbed.

Moreover, FIG. 13(c) is an example of thinly forming reflection layer 1409 c besides under the inner wall of cut 1403 c of the same type as modified embodiment 3, and forming shading layer 1408 c thinly in addition, ray 1402 c emitted from blue in cut 1403 c display part 104B is absorbed by shading film 1408 c, ray 1401 c emitted from red in cut 1403 c display part 104R does the refraction penetration.

Moreover, FIG. 13(d) is an example that the width of the cut 1403 d is smaller than the width of black matrix 105. And FIG. 13(d) is an example of filling reflection layer 1308 d to cut 1403 d whose shape is a rectangle. Thus, when the reflection layer is formed, the shape of the cut can be freely decided.

The reflection layer is formed to the cut, the mixture of the color of the pixel is reduced, and the image quality of the reproduction stereoscopic image can be improved in this embodiment.

In setting up the diffusion board which puts the cut along the black matrix between pixels between the display and the lens sheet according to the each embodiment, As a black matrix and the color separation do without conspicuous. The blot of the color of the reproduction stereoscopic image by the color of the pixel which is mutually adjacent mixing can be improved.

According to this invention above, the phenomenon that a black matrix and the color separation stand out with the lens is not caused because the pixel is separated mutually though three primary colors of each pixel are diffused, moreover, the reproduction stereoscopic image does not cause the phenomenon in which blotting by the mixture of the color of the pixel, and be able to display a <high-resolution> stereoscopic image. 

1. In the autostereoscopic display which provides with the display with non-luminescence area between blue, red, green forms between each pixel and the each pixel, each display parts, the lens sheet where a lot of lenses were displayed, and the diffusion board placed between the above mentioned display and the above mentioned lens sheet; autostereoscopic display characterized by putting cut along the non-luminescence area on the above mentioned diffusion board from display side along the non-luminescence area between each pixel.
 2. An autostereoscopic display according to claim 1; as for the cut put in the above mentioned diffusion board, it is an autostereoscopic display characterized by assuming the cut of the total reflection angle from the inside of the above mentioned diffusion board to the oblique side of the cut the ray from an incidence from each pixel.
 3. An autostereoscopic display according to claim 1; the cut put in the above mentioned diffusion board is an autostereoscopic display characterized in that it is an isosceles triangle.
 4. An autostereoscopic display according to claim 1; the cut put in the above mentioned diffusion board is an auto stereoscopic display characterized in that it is a rectangle.
 5. An autostereoscopic display according to claim 1; auto stereoscopic display characterized in that width of cut along the above-mentioned non-luminescence area is width of non-luminescence area.
 6. An autostereoscopic display according to claim 1; autostereoscopic display characterized in that width of cut along the above mentioned non-luminescence area is smaller than width of non-luminescence area.
 7. An autostereoscopic display according to claim 1; autostereoscopic display characterized by forming shading layer to cut put in the above-mentioned diffusion board.
 8. An autostereoscopic display according to claim 7; autostereoscopic display characterized by filling shading layer to cut put in the above-mentioned diffusion board.
 9. An autostereoscopic display according to claim 7; autostereoscopic display characterized by thinly forming shading layer to inner wall of cut put in the above-mentioned diffusion board.
 10. An autostereoscopic display according to claim 7; autostereoscopic display characterized by thinly forming shading layer besides under inner wall of cut put in the above-mentioned diffusion board.
 11. An autostereoscopic display according to claim 7; autostereoscopic display characterized width of the cut put in the above-mentioned diffusion board is smaller than the width of non-luminescence area and in that shape fills the shading layer to the cut of the rectangle.
 12. An autostereoscopic display according to claim 10; autostereoscopic display characterized by forming reflection layer to cut put in the above-mentioned diffusion board.
 13. An autostereoscopic display according to claim 12; autostereoscopic display characterized by filling reflection layer to cut put in the above-mentioned diffusion board.
 14. An autostereoscopic display according to claim 12; autostereoscopic display characterized by the reflection layer is thinly formed to the inner wall of the cut put in the above-mentioned diffusion board and the thinly forming the shading layer in addition.
 15. An autostereoscopic display according to claim 12; autostereoscopic display characterized by the reflection layer is thinly formed besides under the inner wall of the cut put in the above-mentioned diffusion board and the thinly forming the shading layer in addition.
 16. An autostereoscopic display according to claim 12; autostereoscopic display characterized by the width of the cut put in the above-mentioned diffusion board is smaller than the width of non-luminescence area and the in that shape fills the reflection layer to the cut of the rectangle. 